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Experimental study design11/30/2022 ![]() ![]() The principles of experimental design play an important role in research that does not follow the strict tenets of hypothesis testing and this article holds relevant information for this type of research. Generally, the purpose is to establish the effect that a factor or independent variable has on a dependent variable. Bell, in International Encyclopedia of Human Geography, 2009 IntroductionĮxperimental design is the process of carrying out research in an objective and controlled fashion so that precision is maximized and specific conclusions can be drawn regarding a hypothesis statement. However, findings from non-experimental research is the first step in determining whether an experimental design is called for.S. ![]() Non-experimental research lacks the reliability and validity of quasi-experimental and experimental research designs. Incidence and prevalence are measured by a defined formula for rate. Statistical measures of correlation will depend on the data type. In epidemiology, a prevalence study is used to study the saturation of a condition whereas an incidence study is used to study the rate of new cases in the population. Prevalence and incidence studies are examples of this type of research. For example, is the existence of lead-based paint in the home correlated to lower education scores? Newborns living in homes with lead-based paint would be followed by the researches and tested on some regular basis to compare test scores.ĭescriptive correlational studies demonstrate the relationship among variables without going as far as showing cause and effect. In a prospective design, researchers believe that a phenomenon may have a future effect on the population of interest. Research studies in this category examine how an event in the past may have an effect in the present, for example, presence of cancer and pulmonary disease rates among residents of New York City after the 9/11 bombings.Ĭorrelational prospective design. Note that in a non-experimental design, the independent variable is not controlled.Ĭorrelational retrospective design. Non-experimental research can also be used to study he existence or incidence of a phenomenon (descriptive design). These research designs can be used to show relationships between variables (correlational design). There is another class of quantitative research design called non-experimental research. Not all research is about measuring the effects of an intervention on one group compared to a group that did not receive the intervention. ![]() Non-Experimental Design Studies using descriptive design do not include a control group for comparison. ![]()
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